Application of the Regulations

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(C1)—Flight crew requirements

Standard Crew Complement:

(C1).5.1.4—Limits on Two Flight Crew Long Range Operations

When an aeroplane flight crew is only two pilots, the allowable FDP shall be calculated as follows. A sector scheduled for more than 7 hours is considered as a multi-sector flight, as below:

Scheduled Sector Length / Times	Acclimatized	Not Acclimatized
7 – 9 hours	2 sectors	4 sectors
9-11 hours	3 sectors	4 sectors
Over 11 hours	4 sectors	Not applicable

 

(C1).5.1.1—Maximum FDP

Table A – Two or more Flight Crew– Acclimatised

Local Time of Start	Sectors – Flight Crewmember in an Acclimated State
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 or more
06:00 – 07:59	13:00	12:15	11:30	10:45	10:00	9:30	9:00	9:00
08:00 – 12:59	14:00	13:15	11:45	11:15	10:45	10:15	9:45	9:30
13:00 – 17:59	13:00	12:15	11:30	10:45	10:00	9:30	9:00	9:00
18:00 – 21:59	12:00	11:15	10:30	9:45	9:00	9:00	9:00	9:00
22:00 – 05:59	11:00	10:15	9:30	9:00	9:00	9:00	9:00	9:00

• Use the start time of the FDP (Adjusted to Reference Time Zone) and apply the number of sectors within the FDP.
• Should be done for each sector (Leg).

Example:

Report	620					ELAPSED		MAX	MAX EXT
FLT	DEP		ARR		BLOCK	FDP	DUTY	SK FDP	CMD EXT
1	MRU	720	RRG	850	130	230	230	1300	1300
2	RRG	925	MRU	1055	130	435	435	1215	1215
3	MRU	1210	RRG	1340	130	720	720	1130	1130
4	RRG	1510	MRU	1640	130	1020	1020	1045	1045
Acclimated Standard Crew				Total	600	1020
				Release			1710	1735	1735
				Duty Time			1050	1115	1115
				Required Rest After DP			1200	1200	1200

Maximum Scheduled FDP in RED.

Maximum daily FDP for a crew member in an Unknown State of Acclimatisation shall use the following table:

Table B Two or more Flight Crew – Not Acclimatised

Length of preceding rest(hours)	Sectors – Flight Crewmember Not Acclimated
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7 or more
Up to 18 or over 30	13:00	12:15	11:30	10:45	10:00	9:15	9:00
Between 18 and 30	11:30	11:00	10:30	9:45	9:00	9:00	9:00

<! 

• NOTE: The practice of inserting a short duty into a rest period of between 18 and 30 hours. In order to produce a rest period of less than 18 hours, thereby taking advantage of the longer FDP contained in Table B, is not permitted.

• Apply the number of sectors within the FDP.
• Should be done for each sector (Leg)

Example:

Report	620					ELAPSED		MAX	MAX EXT
FLT	DEP		ARR		BLOCK	FDP	DUTY	SK FDP	CMD EXT
1	MRU	720	RRG	850	130	230	230	1300	1300
2	RRG	925	MRU	1055	130	435	435	1215	1215
3	MRU	1210	RRG	1340	130	720	720	1130	1130
Unknown State  Standard Crew with 15 hours rest before				Total	430	720
				Release			1420	1820	1820
				Duty Time			750	1200	1200
				Required Rest After DP			1200	1200	1200

Maximum Scheduled FDP in RED.

Example:

Report	620					ELAPSED		MAX	MAX EXT
FLT	DEP		ARR		BLOCK	FDP	DUTY	SK FDP	CMD EXT
1	MRU	720	RRG	850	130	230	230	1130	1130
2	RRG	925	MRU	1055	130	435	435	1100	1100
3	MRU	1210	RRG	1340	130	720	720	930	930
Unknown State  Standard Crew with 24 hours rest before				Total	430	1000
				Release			1420	1620	1620
				Duty Time			750	1000	1000
				Required Rest After DP			1200	1200	1200

Maximum Scheduled FDP in RED.

Authors Note: It is important to calculate the scheduled FDP limitation with each leg, as this determines when a leg is operating under extended FDP limits.  

(C1).5.3—Split Duty

Consecutive Hours Rest	Maximum Extension of FDP
Less than 3 hours	Nil
3 to 10 hours	A period equal to half of the consecutive hours taken.

 

The FDP must contain a break on the ground of no less than 3 hours (3:00).

Is only applied as an extension to the Scheduled FDP Limits in (B)10 Maximum FDP

Example:

Report	620					ELAPSED		MAX SK FDP	SPLIT FDP	MAX EXT CMD EXT
FLT	DEP		ARR		BLOCK	FDP	DUTY
1	MRU	720	RRG	850	130	230	230	1300	1300	1300
2	RRG	925	MRU	1055	130	445	435	1215	1215	1215
BREAK	MRU	1110	MRU	1425		1150	1150	Break is 3:05 / Ext is 1:37
3	MRU	1510	RRG	1640	130	1020	1020	1130	1307	1307
4	RRG	1710	MRU	1840	130	1220	1220	1045	1222	1222
Split Duty Standard Crew				Total	600	1030
				Release			1910	1735	1912	1912
				Duty Time			1250	1115	1252	1252
				Required Rest After DP			1250	1200	1252	1252

Split FDP values in RED.

CAP-371(B).4.1—Late Finishing Duties/Night Duties/Early Start Duties:

• General Rule
  • No more than 3 duties that overlap any portion of the time from 22:00 to 06:59 on consecutive calendar days.
  •  No more than 4 duties in any 7 consecutive calendar days.
  • Consecutive Duties are broken by a span of time of no less than 34:00 from the end of one LF/ND/ES and the next.

CAP-371(B).4.1—Consecutive Night Duties (CND):

• Standard Interpretation
  • Before starting a series of Consecutive Night Duties (CND), a crewmember will be relieved of all duties during the period that includes 20:00 to 08:00 local time preceding the start of the series of.
  • If the Start of the series of CND begins earlier than 08:00 then the minimum rest period is equal to the following formula:
    • Minimum Rest Before = Start time of CND + 28:00
    • Example: 31:00 = 03:00 + 28:00
    •  Example: 28:30 = 00:30 + 28:00
  • If the Start of the series of CND begins after 08:00 then the minimum rest period is equal to the following formula:
    •  Minimum Rest Before = Start time of CND + 04:00
    • Example: 23:00 = 19:00 + 04:00
    • Example: 26:00 = 22:00 + 04:00

Authors Note: By ensuring a LNR before the start of the series of CND’s, the undesirable practice of day to night transition will be avoided. ((A)2.3.a refers)

Augmented Crew Complements:

(C1).5.2—Extension of Flying duty period by In-flight relief

Flight Duty Periods may be extended when additional Flight Crew members are aboard.

FDP the additional crew member or members shall hold qualifications which meet/exceed the requirements of the operational duty he/she will perform.

For Aeroplanes with a normal flight deck crew of 2 crew members or 2 pilots and 1 flight engineer, the following limtations shall apply:

Acclimatisation State	2 Pilot Aircraft			2 Pilots and 1 FE
	No Rest Facility	1  Additonal Pilot and with a Rest Facility	2  Additonal Pilots and with 2 Rest Facilities	1 Additional Pilot and 1 Additional FE with Rest Facilities for each
Acclimated	Table A	Table A + 4:00	Table A + 7:00	16:00
Not Acclimated	Table B	Table B + 4:00	Table B + 7:00

Best practices from CAP371(B)12 include:

• When in-flight relief is utilised there must be, for the crew members resting, a comfortable reclining seat, or bunk, separated and screened from the flight deck and passengers.
• A total in-flight rest of less than three hours does not allow for the extension of an FDP, but where the total in-flight rest, which need not be consecutive, is three hours or more, then the permitted FDP may be extended as follows:

If rest is taken in a bunk	If rest is taken in a seat
A period equal to one half of the total rest taken.	A period equal to one third of the total rest taken..

Best Practices from the FAR 117, CASA CAO 48.1 and EASA ORO.FTL.205 limits the number of scheduled sectors in a duty period to a maximum of 3.

All Crew Complements:

(C1).6—Aircraft commander’s discretion to extend a flying duty period:

Before Take-off:

• The maximum planned extension for standard flight crew and standard cabin crew is 3 hours (3:00) above the scheduled FDP limits in (C1)5.1.1, 5.1.4, 5.2 or 5.3.

After Take-off:

• May continue as long as necessary to land at the next Destination / Alternate Aerodrome.

Example:

Report	620					ELAPSED		MAX	MAX EXT
FLT	DEP		ARR		BLOCK	FDP	DUTY	SK FDP	CMD EXT
1	MRU	720	RRG	850	130	230	230	1300	1600
2	RRG	925	MRU	1055	130	435	435	1215	1515
3	MRU	1210	RRG	1340	130	720	720	1130	1430
4	RRG	1510	MRU	1640	130	1020	1020	1045	1345
Acclimated Standard Crew				Total	600	1030
				Release			1720	1735	2035
				Duty Time			1100	1115	1415
				Required Rest After DP			1200	1200	1500

Maximum Commander FDP Extensions in RED.

(C1).8.1—Absolute Limits on Flying Hours

A Flight Crew member must be able to look back the prescribed period and not exceed to flight time limitations as defined in the following table.

Period	Flight Time
28 days	100:00
12 Calendar Months	900:00

Lookback is from arrival time of leg or Midnight.  

(C1).8.2—Cumulative Duty Hours – aeroplane operations

While a crew member is on an assignment for an extended period of time, the total duty time at the completion of the trip may not exceed the values in the attached table:

Consecutive Days Away from Base	Max Total Duty Hours	Consecutive Days Away from Base	Max Total Duty Hours
3	32:00	10	68:00
4	39:00	11	72:00
5	46:00	12	75:00
6	51:00	13	78:00
7	56:00	14	81:00
8	60:00	15	84:00
9	64:00	16 or more	see note
Note: any additional days above 15, will be computed at the rate of 3 hours per day.

(C1).7.1 and 7.2—Rest Period

Condition	Required Rest before
(7.1.a and b) Includes a LNR	(7.1.a) Maximum of 10:00 or (7.1.b) Length of Preceding Duty Period (rounded up to next full hour)
(7.1.a and b) Does not Include a LNR	(7.1.a) Maximum of 11:00 or (7.1.b) Length of Preceding Duty Period (rounded up to next full hour)
(7.1.c) Previous duty > 16:00	No less than 2:00 for each part of an hour above 16:00
(7.2.a) Previous duty > 18:00	Rest period must include a LNR
(7.2.b) Rest Accommodation  provided by the operator and total travel to/from accommodation exceeds 1:00 and rest period is the minimum under (7.1.a)	Rest is increased by the amount of total travel time above 1:00

(C1).7.3—Discretion to reduce a Rest Period

A commander on behalf of the crew or an individual on his own behalf may at his discretion reduce a rest period below the minima in Para 7.1 (b) or (c) provided:-

• the safety of the flight or flights will not be prejudiced, and
• the rest actually taken allows a minimum of 10 hours at the accommodation where rest is taken

(C1).9—Days off

Each Flight Crew Member must be provided days off that respect the definition:

Days Off

A single day off shall be a period of 30 hours free of all duty starting either at 1800 hours or at midnight local time. Consecutive days off shall be consecutive 24 hour periods immediately following a single day off. A rest period may be included as part

 

9.1 Cumulative Days off:

Looking back from the scheduled release of any duty period, the specified number of calendar days, a flight crew member should have the minimum number of full days off in that period.

Period	Required Days off
28 Calendar Days	6
56 Calendar Days	16

The day off periods in 9.1 should follow the practices in 9.2 or 9.3.

9.2 Regularly Scheduled Flight Crew Members:

Looking back from the scheduled release of any duty period, a least a single day off in the past 7 calendar days, and a 2 consecutive day off periods in the past 14 calendar days.

From the scheduled release of a duty period, looking back 7 calendar days, a single day free of duty which starting at either:

• 18:00 and ending 30:00 later ending at 00:00 or
• 00:00 and ending 30:00 later ending at 06:00

Must be found within the 7 day period.

From the scheduled release of a duty period, looking back 14 calendar days, a single day free of duty which starting at either:

• 18:00 and ending 54:00 later ending at 00:00 or
• 00:00 and ending 54:00 later ending at 06:00

Must be found within the 14 day period.

9.3 Pilots on extended periods away from home base:

Upon return to home base, a pilot will be provided a single consecutive day off period that meets the requirements in the following table:

Days Away	Required Days off at Base
>= 5 and <= 7	2
>= 8 and <= 10	3
>= 11 and <= 13	4
>= 14	5

A Crew member must be able to lookback 28 calendar days and find a total of 6 days free of duty.

A Crew member must be able to lookback 56 calendar days and find a total of 16 days free of duty.

(C1).5.5—Delayed Reporting Time in a Single FDP

Amount of Notification	FDP Limits Based ON	FDP Start Time
>= 10 hours	Revised FDP Start	Revised FDP Start
< 10 hours	Original FDP Start	Earlier of: Original FDP Start + 4:00 Revised FDP Start

CAP-371(B).9—Airport Standby (ASB)

• FDP is considered to start at start of ASB.
• A CM assigned to an ASB that does not lead to a FDP must be released into a rest period no less than 12:00.
• The maximum time a CM may serve on ASB is 12:00.
• All time on ASB/Combined ASB & FDP counts towards the Cumulative Duty Limitations under (B)19.

CAP-371(B).9—Standby (SBY):

• A CM assigned to an SBY that does not lead to a FDP must be released into a rest period no less than 12:00.
• The maximum time a CM may serve on SBY is 12:00.
• FDP is considered to start at start of FDP when a CM is assigned to report for an FDP.
• The FDP assigned to a CM on SBY for less than 6:00 will be:
  • limited to the FDP limits as defined in (B)10
  • FDP starts at report time of the FDP
• The FDP assigned to a CM on SBY for 6:00 or more will be:
  • Limited to the more limiting of
    • the FDP limits in (B)10 using the SBY start time
    • the FDP limits in (B)10 using the FDP start time reduced by the amount of SBY time in excess of 6:00
  • A SBY undertaken during the period from 20:00 to 06:00 and with less than 2:00 time from Time of Notification to Start of the FDP will be:
    • Limited to the FDP limits in (B)10 using the FDP start time

CAP-371(B).9.5—Contactable:

The minimum time from the time a CM is notified until the CM is required to report for a FDP/ASB/SBY is 10:00.

The time a CM serves on CP is not regarded as Rest for the purposes of day off requirements and rest requirements.

(C2)—Cabin crew requirements

(C2).2—Maximum Flight Duty Period:

(C2).2.2                The basic FDP limit for a Cabin Crew Member is 14:00.

(C2).2.3                 The FDP may be extended to with inflight rest:

• A horizontal Rest Facility is provided for each rest crew member.
• The FDP limits are contained in the following table:

In flight Rest (Horizontal)	In flight Rest (Seat)	Max FDP
>= 3:00	>= 4:00	17:00
>= 4:00	>= 5:00	19:00

(C2).2.4                 Extension of FDP due to delays:

• For limits under (C2).2.2, 16:30, or the applicable Extended FDP Limit under (C1)6 PLUS 1:00.
• For limits under (C2).2.3, the applicable Extended FDP Limit under (C1)6 PLUS 1:00.

(C2).5—Cumulative Duty Time:

A Cabin Crew member must be able to look back the prescribed period and not exceed the total duty time limitations as defined in the following table.

Period	Duty Time Limitation
7 Days	60:00 (Scheduled)
	65:00 (Actual)
14 days	105:00
28 days	210:00

Lookback is from release of a duty period or Midnight.

(C2).3—Rest Period

Required Rest before	Reduced Rest
The greater of: Length of Preceding Duty Period or 10:00	9:00

(C2).4—Days off

A Cabin Crew member must be able to look back from the release of any duty period and find the total number of days off contained within the following table:.

Period	Required Days Off
7 Days	1
12 Days	2
28 days	7
84 days	24

Note:  A day off is a 24 hour period starting from mid-night local time.